Vaginitis and metritis in sows

The diseases occur quite commonly in sows and clinical manifestations are vaginitis and metritis, adversely affecting fertility and reproduction of sows.

1. Etiology
There are 3 causes:
- Hard tools used for artificial insemination cause scratches and infection of vagina and uterus.
- Infected semen and unsterile tools for artificial insemination bring bacteria to genital organ of female pigs leading to infection and inflammation of the genital organ
- Pig houses and habitats are contaminated

Vagina of a pig with vaginitis is swollen and red

2. Clinical signs
Sows exhibit the clinical signs as follows:
- In acute form: The clinical manifestations include fever from 41-42^oC on some of early days: red and swollen vulva, mucus and opalescent discharge from vagina sometimes with bloody discharge.
The affected animal may have anorexia and is restless
- In chronic form:The affected animal exhibits no fever, the vulva is not swollen and red but there is still opalescent mucous discharge from vagina: mucous discharge is discontinuous, but only intermittently flows from several days to a week. The affected sow is not successfully inseminated or when it is pregnant, the fetus dies because infection spreads from mucosa of vagina and uterus.
3. Prevention
- Tools for artificial insemination should be strictly checked. The tools must be sterile and in proper size. Hands of the person performing artifical insemination must be washed and sterile before perfoming artificial insemination. Do not use the semen of boar having disease in genital organ or allow it to mate with sow. Animal houses, pens and grazing land of pigs must be cleaned.
4. Treatment
- Pig houses are kept clean, sows should be vaccinated
- Mixing feed with various premix and antibiotics in the stage of pregnacy for examples MARFLOMIX, DOXY2% PREMIX…
- One of the following drugs can be administered:
+ CEFQUINOM 150 is administered I.M or S.C at dose of 1ml/ 10-15kg B.W/ day. This antibiotic has wide spectrum and is safe for pregnant and lactating sows not causing reduction of milk production and antibiotic residues
+ CEFANEW-LA is administered at dose of 1ml/20-25kg B.W
+ BACTAM is administered deep I.M at dose of 1ml/18-20kg B.W
+ MARFLO-LA is administered I.M or S.C at dose of 1ml/18-20kg B.W
+ MAXPHAMOX-LA is administered I.M or S.C at dose of 1ml/8-10kg B.W
+ CEFA 20% is administered deep I.M or S.C at dose of 1ml/25-30kg B.W
+ MAXPHAMOX-GEN LA is administered deep I.M or S.C at dose of 1ml/10-12kg B.W.